> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.dualship.run/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Pipes Reference > Transform data inline with pipe functions Pipes transform values inline using the syntax `{{value | pipeName:arg1:arg2}}`. Chain multiple pipes with `|`. ## Syntax ``` {{value | pipe}} {{value | pipe:argument}} {{value | pipe:arg1:arg2}} {{value | pipe1 | pipe2 | pipe3}} ``` ## Aggregation Pipes Compute aggregate values from arrays. ### sum Sum numeric values in an array. ``` {{numbers | sum}} {{orders | sum:amount}} ``` | Argument | Description | | -------- | ---------------------------- | | field | Field name to sum (optional) | ### avg Calculate average of numeric values. ``` {{scores | avg}} {{products | avg:price}} ``` ### min Find minimum value in array. ``` {{values | min}} {{bids | min:amount}} ``` ### max Find maximum value in array. ``` {{values | max}} {{sales | max:revenue}} ``` ### count Count items in array. ``` {{items | count}} {{users | filter:active=true | count}} ``` ### stats Get all statistics at once. ``` {{orders | stats:amount}} ``` Returns: ```json theme={null} { "sum": 1500, "avg": 150, "min": 50, "max": 300, "count": 10 } ``` ## Array Pipes Manipulate arrays of data. ### filter Filter array items by condition. ``` {{users | filter:status=active}} {{orders | filter:amount>100}} {{items | filter:type!=draft}} ``` Supported operators: `=`, `!=`, `>`, `<`, `>=`, `<=` ### find Find first matching item. ``` {{users | find:id=123}} {{items | find:name=target}} ``` Returns `null` if not found. ### map Extract a field from each item. ``` {{users | map:name}} {{orders | map:id}} ``` ### sort Sort array by field. ``` {{users | sort:name}} {{orders | sort:created_at:desc}} ``` | Argument | Description | | --------- | ------------------------- | | field | Field to sort by | | direction | `asc` (default) or `desc` | ### first Get first item in array. ``` {{items | first}} ``` ### last Get last item in array. ``` {{items | last}} ``` ### slice Get first N items. ``` {{items | slice:5}} {{results | slice:10}} ``` ### flatten Flatten nested arrays one level. ``` {{nested_arrays | flatten}} ``` ### unique Remove duplicate items. ``` {{items | unique}} {{items | unique:category}} ``` ### reverse Reverse array order. ``` {{items | reverse}} ``` ### indexOf Find the index of a value in an array. ``` {{items | indexOf:target}} {{statuses | indexOf:active}} ``` Returns the index (0-based) if found, or `-1` if not found. ## String Pipes Transform string values. ### upper Convert to uppercase. ``` {{name | upper}} ``` ### lower Convert to lowercase. ``` {{email | lower}} ``` ### trim Remove leading/trailing whitespace. ``` {{input | trim}} ``` ### replace Replace all occurrences. ``` {{text | replace:old:new}} {{path | replace:/:_}} ``` ### contains Check if string contains substring (or array contains value). ``` {{description | contains:keyword}} {{tags | contains:featured}} ``` Returns `true` or `false`. ### match Find regex matches. ``` {{text | match:[0-9]+}} ``` Returns matched string(s) or `null`. ### extract Extract regex capture groups. ``` {{email | extract:(.+)@(.+)}} ``` Returns captured groups. ## Utility Pipes General-purpose transformations. ### join Join array into string. ``` {{names | join:, }} {{tags | join: | }} ``` Default separator: `,` ### split Split string into array. ``` {{csv | split:,}} {{tags | split: }} ``` Default separator: `,` ### as Store value in context for later use. ``` {{complex_calculation | as:cached_value}} ``` ### default Provide fallback for null/missing values. ``` {{user.nickname | default:Anonymous}} {{page | default:1}} ``` ### random Generate random numbers. ``` {{random}} {{random:100}} {{random:1:100}} ``` | Syntax | Description | | -------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `{{random}}` | Float between 0 and 1 (e.g., `0.7234`) | | `{{random:max}}` | Integer from 0 to max-1 (e.g., `{{random:100}}` returns 0-99) | | `{{random:min:max}}` | Integer from min to max inclusive (e.g., `{{random:1:100}}` returns 1-100) | **Examples:** ``` {{random}} -> 0.7234 {{random:100}} -> 42 {{random:1:100}} -> 73 {{random:1:6}} -> 4 (dice roll) ``` ### uuid Generate a UUID v4. ``` {{uuid}} ``` Returns a random UUID string. **Example:** ``` {{uuid}} -> "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000" ``` ### base64 Base64 encode a value. ``` {{value | base64}} {{request.files.document.content | base64}} ``` Works with strings, objects (JSON-encoded then base64), and file content. **Examples:** ``` {{"hello" | base64}} -> "aGVsbG8=" {{request.files.doc.content | base64}} -> "JVBERi0xLjQK..." ``` ### base64decode Decode a base64 string. ``` {{encoded | base64decode}} ``` **Example:** ``` {{"aGVsbG8=" | base64decode}} -> "hello" ``` ## Math Pipes Perform arithmetic operations. ### multiply Multiply by a number. ``` {{price | multiply:1.1}} {{quantity | multiply:2}} ``` ### divide Divide by a number. ``` {{total | divide:100}} {{bytes | divide:1024}} ``` ### add Add a number. ``` {{count | add:1}} {{score | add:10}} ``` ### subtract Subtract a number. ``` {{stock | subtract:1}} {{balance | subtract:amount}} ``` ### round Round to decimal places. ``` {{price | round:2}} {{percentage | round}} ``` | Argument | Description | | -------- | --------------------------- | | decimals | Decimal places (default: 0) | ### abs Get absolute value. ``` {{difference | abs}} ``` ## Formatting Pipes Format values for display. ### currency Format a number as currency. ``` {{amount | currency:USD}} {{price | currency:EUR:0}} {{balance | currency:NGN:2}} ``` | Argument | Description | | --------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | | code | Currency code (USD, EUR, GBP, NGN, etc.) | | precision | Decimal places (optional, defaults to currency standard) | **Examples:** ``` {{1234.56 | currency:USD}} -> "$1,234.56" {{1234.56 | currency:EUR}} -> "€1.234,56" {{1234.56 | currency:GBP:0}} -> "£1,235" {{1234.5 | currency:JPY}} -> "¥1,235" (JPY has no decimals) ``` Supports 180+ currencies including USD, EUR, GBP, NGN, JPY, CNY, INR, CAD, AUD, BRL, ZAR, GHS, KES, and more. ## Pagination Pipes Handle paginated data. ### paginate Apply pagination to array. ``` {{items | paginate:1:10}} {{items | paginate:request.query.page:20}} ``` | Argument | Description | | -------- | ---------------------------- | | page | Page number (1-indexed) | | limit | Items per page (default: 10) | Returns: ```json theme={null} { "items": [...], "total": 100, "page": 1, "limit": 10, "total_pages": 10, "has_next": true, "has_prev": false } ``` ### cursor Apply cursor-based pagination. ``` {{items | cursor:id:last_id:20}} ``` | Argument | Description | | -------- | ---------------------------- | | field | Cursor field (default: `id`) | | cursor | Current cursor value | | limit | Items per page (default: 10) | Returns: ```json theme={null} { "items": [...], "total": 100, "limit": 20, "next_cursor": "abc123", "has_next": true } ``` ## Date/Time Pipes Work with dates and timestamps. ### now Get current timestamp. ``` {{now}} {{now | formatDate:YYYY-MM-DD}} ``` ### formatDate Format a date value. ``` {{created_at | formatDate:YYYY-MM-DD}} {{timestamp | formatDate:MM/DD/YYYY HH:mm}} ``` Format tokens: | Token | Description | | ----- | ---------------- | | YYYY | 4-digit year | | YY | 2-digit year | | MM | Month (01-12) | | DD | Day (01-31) | | HH | Hour 24h (00-23) | | hh | Hour 12h (01-12) | | mm | Minutes (00-59) | | ss | Seconds (00-59) | ### parseDate Parse date string. ``` {{date_string | parseDate}} {{custom_format | parseDate:DD-MM-YYYY}} ``` ### addDays Add days to a date. ``` {{date | addDays:7}} {{date | addDays:-30}} ``` ### addHours Add hours to a date. ``` {{timestamp | addHours:24}} {{timestamp | addHours:-1}} ``` ### diffDays Calculate difference in days. ``` {{start_date | diffDays:end_date}} {{created_at | diffDays}} ``` If second date omitted, compares to now. ## Object Pipes Manipulate objects. ### keys Get object keys as array. ``` {{object | keys}} ``` ### values Get object values as array. ``` {{object | values}} ``` ### pick Select specific fields. ``` {{user | pick:id:name:email}} ``` ### omit Exclude specific fields. ``` {{user | omit:password:internal_id}} ``` ### merge Merge with another object. ``` {{defaults | merge:overrides}} ``` ## Chaining Pipes Combine multiple pipes: ``` {{users | filter:active=true | sort:name | slice:10}} {{orders | filter:status=completed | sum:amount | round:2}} {{items | map:category | unique | count}} ``` ## Examples ### Filtered and Paginated List ``` {{products | filter:in_stock=true | sort:price | paginate:request.query.page:20}} ``` ### Computed Summary ```json theme={null} { "output": { "total_revenue": "{{orders | filter:status=completed | sum:amount}}", "order_count": "{{orders | count}}", "avg_order_value": "{{orders | avg:amount | round:2}}", "top_customers": "{{orders | sort:amount:desc | slice:5 | map:customer_id | unique}}" } } ``` ### Safe Defaults ```json theme={null} { "page": "{{request.query.page | default:1}}", "limit": "{{request.query.limit | default:20}}", "sort_by": "{{request.query.sort | default:created_at}}" } ``` ### Date Formatting ```json theme={null} { "created": "{{item.created_at | formatDate:YYYY-MM-DD}}", "expires": "{{item.created_at | addDays:30 | formatDate:YYYY-MM-DD}}", "age_days": "{{item.created_at | diffDays}}" } ``` ### Currency Formatting ```json theme={null} { "output": { "subtotal": "{{order.subtotal | currency:USD}}", "tax": "{{order.tax | currency:USD}}", "total": "{{order.total | currency:USD}}" } } ``` ## Related * [Template Expressions](/reference/templates) - Expression syntax * [Transform Node](/nodes/transform) - Data transformation * [Set Node](/nodes/set) - Store computed values